ABSTRACT
The place of election as a signpost of democracy is not in contention since democracy means first and foremost the process through which citizens freely choose their representatives. However, democratic practice in many developing countries are still regarded as electoral democracy because attentions are shifted away from the substance of democracy to focusing on conducting elections only as means of power transition and/or legitimation. The focus of this study is to examine elections and democratic sustenance in Nigeria's fourth republic. The study further discussed the evolution of elections and democracy process in Nigeria, examined the impact of election and democratic consolidation in Nigeria’s fourth republic and examined the problem of democratic sustenance in Nigeria’s fourth republic. The study focuses on elections and democratic sustainance in Nigeria from 1999-2010. The research method adopted for this study is historical method. The study relied on secondary sources of data which includes, books, periodicals, journals, newspaper, magazines and other relevant literature which deals on election and democratic consolidation in Nigeria. The adoption of this method is premised on the fact that it will allow for a logical explanation and conclusion. Findings of the study concludes that Although there is significant breakthrough regarding the fourth republic experiment in Nigeria such as being the first time civilian government stayed for 16 years without military intervention. Five general elections were conducted within the time frame as well as alternation of power by incumbent to the opposition in 2015. Yet there is so much to be desired in the conduct of democratic practices of the fourth republic in general and the conduct of the electoral process in particular. Perhaps, the predicaments of practice of democracy in the fourth republic have threatened its consolidation, hence it is characterized with bane of democratic governance. The implications of these therefore manifest in issues such as disrespect and outright violations of electoral act with impunity due to weak democratic institutions, electoral violence, ethno-religious politics, rampant corruption and mismanagement, poverty and lack of internal democracy which is visible in incumbency factor, godfatherism and excessive monetization in politics. The study therefore recommends that the politicians must as a matter of fact play electoral politics according to the rules of the game as a way of sustaining democratic culture. The civil society requires strength of character and should remain a dynamic and vibrant watchdog over public institutions and their officials.
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